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Julius Wagner-Jauregg
Julius Wagner-Jauregg (7 March 1857 – 27 September 1940) was an Austrian physician, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1927. His Nobel award was "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica". Even though his first wife was Jewish, later in life he supported Nazism,〔("The Trials of Masculinity: Policing Sexual Boundaries, 1870-1930" ), Angus McLaren. University of Chicago Press, 1999. ISBN 0-226-50068-3, ISBN 978-0-226-50068-3. Retrieved March 16, 2010.〕〔("A historical dictionary of psychiatry" ), Edward Shorter. Oxford University Press US, 2005. p. 299. ISBN 0-19-517668-5, ISBN 978-0-19-517668-1〕〔("The complete idiot's guide to understanding the brain" ), Arthur Bard, Mitchell Geoffrey Bard. Alpha Books, 2002. p. 49. ISBN 0-02-864310-0, ISBN 978-0-02-864310-6.〕〔Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1857-1940), Magda Whitrow. Smith-Gordon, 1993. p. 199. ISBN 1-85463-012-1, ISBN 978-1-85463-012-4.〕 and became anti-Semitic and advocate of eugenics, which degraded his public recognition.
==Early life==
Julius Wagner-Jauregg was born Julius Wagner on 7 March 1857 in Wels, Upper Austria, the son of Adolph Johann Wagner and Fritz Wagner.〔("Physiology or medicine, 1922-1941" ), Jan Lindsten. World Scientific, 1999. p. 170. ISBN 981-02-3410-4, ISBN 978-981-02-3410-2.〕 His family name was changed to "Wagner von Jauregg" when his father was conferred a Ritter (a hereditary title of nobility) in 1883 by the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Hence he retained the name Julius Wagner Ritter von Jauregg until 1918 when the empire was dissolved, and nobility was abolished. The family name was then contracted to "Wagner-Jauregg".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.faqs.org/health/bios/63/Julius-Wagner-Jauregg.html )〕 He attended the Schottengymnasium in Vienna before going on to study Medicine at the University of Vienna from 1874 to 1880, where he also studied with Salomon Stricker in the Institute of General and Experimental Pathology. He obtained his doctorate in 1880 with the thesis "L'origine et la fonction du cœur accéléré."〔 He left the institute in 1882.
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